Hardiness Zones – Planting Months
Planting zones are areas of hardiness. A planting guide, that enables us to know when to plant vegetables, fruit, and flowers. Each area within a zone has similar growing conditions, this standardization gives us a good guide to what we can grow and when to grow.
This calendar schedule will take you through each month of the year, for zones 5 to 10. For those of you in the UK and Europe, this guide can be applied. If you are on a different continent, the conditions will vary, as it can be a tropical or dry heat.
US Zones + Temperatures
UK Hardiness Zones
Planting Calendar Schedule – Zones 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10
Table of Contents
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January Planting Zones
Zone 5
Temperature: -20 to -10 F (-23 to -28 Celsius)
Indoors: Microgreens, such as; arugula, spinach, watercress, lettuce, broccoli sprouts, bean sprouts, etc.
Zone 6
Temperature: -10 to -0 F (-18 to -23 Celsius)
Indoors: Parsley, onion, leeks, and celery.
Flowers: Begonias, pansies, snapdragons, and delphiniums. You will need to help them grow with some artificial lighting, as the natural light might not be strong enough yet.
Parsley and celery will need a number of weeks to germinate, so it’s a good idea to start early. Growing onion seedlings is also a good idea, as they have higher chances of producing healthy onions than the bulbs.
Zone 7
Temperature: 0 to 10 F (-12 to -18 Celsius)
Indoors: Parsley, onion, leeks, and celery. End of January you can add: cauliflower, cabbage, and broccoli. As in flowers, you can start seeding geraniums, as they take longer to grow into seedlings.
Zone 8
Temperature: 10 to 20 F (-7 to -12 Celsius)
Indoors: Parsley, onion, leeks, and celery. At the end of January, you can also add broccoli, kale, peppers, and cabbage.
Seeding: If the soil is ready, you can sow carrots, radishes, and beets (make sure to protect them).
Flowers: Pansies, poppies, Nigella and Calendula
Zone 9
Temperature: 20 to 30 F (-1 to -7 Celsius)
Zone 10
Temperatures: 30 to 40 F (5 to -1 Celsius)
For zones 9 and 10;
Indoors: Kale, peppers, tomatoes, squash, basil, and melons
Seeding: If the weather is favorable; transplant cauliflower, broccoli and cabbage seedlings outside, but make sure you protect them.
You can also seed early lettuce, onions, carrots, cabbage, radishes, beets, turnips, kale, parsley, and spinach.
Essential Gardening Equipment
Soil pH Testing
You need to make sure that you accurately test your soil to give your plants the best chance.
Germination
The best way to germinate your seeds so that they have a great start is with a germination kit. Seeds that are grown this way produce greater results.
Spade
A trusted spade is a gardener’s best friend, it helps you do the work. A long-handled spade is the most effective type.
Gardening Tool Set
For the finer work in the garden, we need those handy tools to help us cultivate. One that you can carry around in the garden is best.
Greenhouse
Every advanced gardener has a greenhouse and with so many benefits how can we do without. The acceleration and growth rate when using a greenhouse is worth the cost.
Dehydrating
One of the issues people have is that their crops produce all at once. The best way to overcome this is with a dehydrator so you can store your food for years and the flavor is amazing.
February Planting Zones
Zone 5
Temperature: -20 to -10 F (-23 to -28 Celsius)
Zone 6
Temperature: -10 to -0 F (-18 to -23 Celsius)
When it comes to zone 5 and 6, the same things apply to January and February (look at zones 5 and 6 in January).
Zone 7
Temperature: 0 to 10 F (-12 to -17 Celsius)
Indoors: Kale, peppers, tomatoes, squash, basil, and melons
Seeding: Beets, carrots, onion, lettuce, peas, radishes, turnips, spinach, parsley, kale, and potatoes
At this point, you might want to protect the vegetables in polytunnels, with farmer’s fabric and similar.
Zone 8
Temperature: 10 to 30F (-12 to -1 Celsius)
During February zone 8, the same rules apply like in zone 7, the only difference is, that you can start planting 2-3 weeks earlier.
Zone 9
Temperature: 20 to 35 F (-7 to 1.6 Celsius)
Zone 10
Temperature: 30 to 40 F (5 to -1 Celsius)
For zones 9 and 10;
For zone 9 and 10, all the rules of January apply. If the January was too cold to plant early lettuce, onions, carrots, cabbage, radishes, beets, turnips, kale, parsley, and spinach, February is the time to do it. Make sure you protect the veggies with protective fabric or place them in a polytunnel or greenhouse.
You can also transplant cauliflower, broccoli and cabbage seedlings to a tunnel, and plant peas.
March Planting Zones
Zone 5
Temperature: 26 to 42 F (-3 to 6 Celsius)
Indoors: Tomatoes, eggplants, and peppers
Seeding: Lettuce, carrots, parsley, radishes, peas, and potatoes
Keep in mind, that most of the plants need to be sown indoors, at least 6-8 weeks before being transplanted outdoors.
Zone 6
Temperature: 34 to 54 F (1 to 12 Celsius)
Indoors: Tomatoes, eggplants, and peppers (it’s still time)
Seeding: Lettuce, carrots, parsley, radishes, peas, and potatoes. Flowers: Rose bushes can be planted.
Zone 6 is busier in March. If you have seedlings that you started indoors (broccoli, cabbage, parsley, etc.) now is the time to get them out.
Zone 7
Temperature: 38 to 56 F (3 to 13 Celsius)
Indoors: Tomatoes, eggplants, and peppers.
Seeding: Chives, rosemary, thyme, potatoes, asparagus, carrots, beets, lettuce, kohlrabi, radishes, and turnips. Swiss chard can be planted at the end of March.
Asparagus will grow happily with parsley as companion plants
Kohlrabi will grow well around beets, onions, potatoes, and lettuce
Zone 8
Temperature: 51 to 74 F (10 to 23 Celsius)
Indoors: Tomatoes, eggplants, and peppers.
Seeding: Chives, rosemary, potatoes, thyme, asparagus, carrots, beets, lettuce, kohlrabi, radishes, turnips, and Swiss chard.
End of March (seeding), you start with pepper and tomato seedlings, cucumbers, corn, and squash (if the conditions are favorable). It’s better to harden them in a tunnel or greenhouse before planting outdoors.
The veggies planted at the end of March, still need to be protected with farmer’s fabric or in a polytunnel.
Zone 9
Temperature: 54 to 78 F (12 to 26 Celsius)
Seeding: Transplant cabbage and broccoli outside. You can plant; Spinach, carrots, kohlrabi, radishes, lettuce, potatoes, asparagus, rosemary, chives, and thyme.
If you have a greenhouse or a polytunnel, you can start to harden your eggplant, tomato and pepper seedlings. Corn, cucumber, and squash can already be planted outside.
Zone 10
Temperature: 56 to 78 F (13 to 26 Celsius)
You can plant some things, that can also be planted in zones 5-9, but it’s important to consider that some more “cold-loving” veggies, can be inappropriate to be sown in zone 10, in March (Look at January and February for zone 10).Seeding: Leafy greens, cucumbers, and watermelon. Transplant peppers, tomatoes, and eggplant seedlings, and surround them with compost.
April Planting Zones
Zone 5
Temperature: 45 to 61 F (7 to 16 Celsius)
Seeding: Spinach, radishes, asparagus, beets, broccoli, carrots, lettuce, peas, and potatoes. Transplant cabbage, tomato, eggplant, and pepper seedlings outside. If there is any chance of frost, protect them with farmer’s fabric.
Zone 6
Temperature: 47 to 67 F (8 to 20 Celsius)
In April, the same rules apply for zones 5 and 6, the only difference is, you can start 10-14 days earlier if the conditions are right.
Zone 7
Temperature: 49 to 67 F (9 to 20 Celsius)
Seeding: Bush and pole beans, corn, cucumbers, eggplants, watermelons, cantaloupes, sweet potatoes, and squash. Transplant peppers and tomatoes outside.
Tips:
Eggplants grow well with peas, beans, peppers, tomatoes, potatoes, and spinach.
Squash and watermelon, are good companions for corn and beans.
Zone 8
Temperature: 50 to 72 F (10 to 22 Celsius)
The same rules apply to zone 8 as they do for zone 7. The only difference is, that you can start planting a few weeks sooner (if the weather allows).
Zone 9
Temperature: 63 to 81 F (17 to 27 Celsius)
Zone 10
Temperatures: 68 to 82 F (20 to 28 Celsius)
Zone 9 and 10 are very similar to zone 7 and 8 in this case.
Seeding: Start sewing bush and pole beans, corn, squash, watermelon, cantaloupe, cucumbers, sweet potatoes, peppers, and tomatoes. You can also plant ginger.
Sweet potato is a good companion to beets and parsnip.
Ginger grows well with legumes (beans, peas) and with chili peppers.
May Planting Zones
Zone 5
Temperature: 44 to 71 F (7 to 21 Celsius)
Zone 6
Temperature: 54 to 71 F (12 to 22 Celsius)
This information is for zones 5 and 6;
Seeding: Beets, beans, cabbage, carrots, chard, lettuce, onion, potato, turnips, and radishes. At the end of May, you can transplant melons, tomatoes, peppers, and squash outside.
Flowers: Summer bulbs, asters. Plant new roses (prune old roses).
Harvesting: Peas, spinach, lettuce, asparagus, and radishes.
Pruning: Viburnums, forsythia, and other shrubs that bloom in spring.
Now it’s time to plant or transplant shrubs and trees before the summer heat comes.
Zone 7
Temperature: 57 to 77 F (14 to 25 Celsius)
Zone 8
Temperature: 57 to 78 F (14 to 26 Celsius)
This information is for zones 7 and 8;
Seeding: Beans, melons, squash. Planting tomatoes, peppers and sweet potatoes outside.
Flowers: Marigolds, sunflowers, cosmos, verbena, zinnia, tithonia, and Nicotiana.
Plant: Citrus trees and berry bushes.
Harvesting: Spinach, lettuce, and radishes.
Tips: Prune trees after they finished flowering. Keep a close watch at any fungal problems (due to the rainy season).
Zone 9
Temperature: 60 to 83 F (15 to 28 Celsius)
Zone 10
Temperature: 66 to 95 F (19 to 35 Celsius)
This information is for both, zones 9 and 10;
Seeding: Melons, squash, cantaloupes, and beans. Plant tomatoes, peppers, and sweet potatoes outside.
Flowers: Marigolds, sunflowers, cosmos, verbena, zinnia, tithonia, and Nicotiana.
Plant: Citrus trees, berry bushes, and spring bulbs.
Harvesting: Spinach, lettuce, radishes, and turnips.
Tips:
Make sure all the plants get plenty of water.
You can still continue to plant citrus trees and berry bushes.
All the house plants should be brought back inside.
June Planting Zones
Zone 5
Temperatures: 57 to 75 F (14 to 24 Celsius)
Seeding: Chard, kale, summer lettuce. Carrots, beets, radishes, and parsnips can be re-sown.
Harvesting: Lettuce, spinach, radishes, and turnips.
Zone 6
Temperature: 53 to 84 F (12 to 29 Celsius)
Zone 7
Temperature: 67 to 85 F (19 to 30 Celsius)
This information is for zones 6 and 7;
Seeding: Beets, carrots, potatoes, and parsnip (re-sown). The pumpkin, zucchini, and squash can be permanently transplanted into the garden.
Harvesting: Arugula, spinach, lettuce, and chard.
It’s very important to water regularly in these periods (in case there is not enough rain).
Zone 8
Temperature: 58 to 87 F (15 to 31 Celsius)
Zone 9
Temperature: 74 to 90 F (23 to 32 Celsius)
Zone 10
Temperature: 75 to 92 F (24 to 35 Celsius)
This information applies to zones 8-10;
Seeding: Tomatoes, corn, melons, cucumbers, and beans.
Harvest: Asparagus, beans, spring cabbage, broccoli, lettuce, young onions, peas, spinach, early potatoes, chard, and kohlrabi.
It’s very important to water regularly in these periods (in case there is not enough rain). Especially in zones 9 and 10.
July Planting Zones
Zone 5
Temperature: 69 to 84 F (20 to 29 Celsius)
Zone 6
Temperature: 57 to 88 F (14 to 31 Celsius)
This information is for zone 5 and 6;
Seeding: Beans, cucumbers, basil, Chinese cabbage, turnips, and radishes. Late in the month, you can reseed beets, corn, and Brussels sprouts.
Harvesting: Cherries, strawberries, blueberries, runner beans, and zucchini.
Make sure you regularly water to prevent drought, add mulch and straw to help retain water.
Zone 7
Temperature: 72 to 104 F (22 to 40 Celsius)
Zone 8
Temperature: 78 to 104 F (26 to 41 Celsius)
This information is for zone 7 and 8;
Seeding: Beans, corn, cucumbers, eggplants, peppers, squash, pumpkins, arugula, beets, broccoli, dill, cilantro, kale, spinach, summer lettuce, and Brussels sprouts.
Harvesting: Cherries, strawberries, blueberries, runner beans, and zucchini.
Make sure you regularly water to prevent drought, add mulch, and straw to help retain water.
Zone 9
Temperature: 83 to 106 F (28 to 41 Celsius)
Zone 10
Temperature: 77 to 97 F (15 to 35 Celsius)
This information is for zones 9 and 10;
Seeding: Eggplants, peppers, sweet potatoes, okra, cilantro, tomatoes, squash, Brussels sprouts, and transplanted watermelons. Harvesting: Lettuce, spinach, cherries, strawberries, blueberries, runner beans, and zucchini.
August Planting Zones
Zone 5
Temperature: 61 to 78 F (16 to 26 Celsius)
Zone 6
Temperature: 57 to 87 F (14 to 30 Celsius)
This information is for zone 5 and 6;
Seeding: Beets, carrots, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, kale, peas, radishes, spinach, turnips, and squash.
Harvesting: Tomatoes, cucumbers, potatoes, artichokes, eggplants, and plums.
Zone 7
Temperature: 67 to 80 F (20 to 31 Celsius) and 79 to 102 F (26 to 39 Celsius)
Zone 8
Temperature: 82 to 104 F (28 to 40 Celsius)
This information is for zones 7 and 8;
Seeding: Beans, beets, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, early corn, early cucumber, lettuce, kale, early peppers, spinach, early tomatoes, squash, and onions.
Harvesting: Tomatoes, cucumbers, potatoes, and eggplants.
Zone 9
Temperature: 71 to 95 F (22 to 35 Celsius)
Seeding: Broccoli, celery, cauliflower, cucumbers, peas, tomatoes, turnips, early watermelon, early peppers, and pumpkins.
Harvesting: Tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, and potatoes.
Zone 10
Temperature: 76 to 91 F (25 to 33 Celsius)
Seeding: Broccoli, celery, cauliflower, eggplant, okra, cucumbers, peas, tomatoes, turnips, early watermelon, early peppers, summer and winter squash, and pumpkins.
Harvesting: Tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, and potatoes.
September Planting Zones
Zone 5
Temperature: 53 to 75 F (12 to 24 Celsius)
Zone 6
Temperature: 53 to 80 F (12 to 27 Celsius)
This information is for zones 5 and 6;
Seeding: Beets, beans, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, cucumbers, corn, lettuce, onion, kale, peas, peppers, tomatoes, squash, and Brussel sprouts (it’s best to have seedlings for some of these veggies ready, such as broccoli, cabbage, etc.).
Harvesting: Onion, peppers, tomatoes, beans, raspberries, zucchini, and potatoes.
Zone 7
Temperature: 76 to 91 F (25 to 33 Celsius)
Harvesting: Onion, apples, raspberries, zucchini, potatoes, tomatoes, and beans.
Seeding: Beans, broccoli, beets, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, kale, lettuce, spinach, peas, squash, and Brussels sprouts.
Zone 8
Temperature: 60 to 81 F (15 to 27 Celsius)
Harvesting: Onions, apples, tomatoes, beans, raspberries, zucchini, and potatoes.
Seeding: Tomatoes, peppers, broccoli, beets, cabbage, carrots, lettuce, spinach, peas, squash and Brussels sprouts, beans, cauliflower, and kale. Cabbage, broccoli, and squash are better when started from seedlings.
Zone 9
Temperature: 75 to 100 F (24 to 38 Celsius) and 89 to 64 F (17 to 32 Celsius)
Harvesting: Onions, apples, tomatoes, beans, zucchini, and potatoes.
Seeding: Spinach, tomatoes, peppers, peas, parsley, onions, lettuce, Endive, kohlrabi, kale, cucumbers, corn, cauliflower, carrots, cabbage, broccoli, beets, beans, and Brussels sprouts.
Zone 10
Temperature: 75 to 89 F (24 to 32 Celsius)
Harvesting: Onion, apples, beans, zucchini, potatoes, and tomatoes.
Seeding: Endive, eggplant, kohlrabi, kale, cucumbers, corn, cauliflower, carrots, cabbage, spinach, tomatoes, peppers, peas, parsley, onions, lettuce, broccoli, beets, beans, Brussels sprouts, and celery.
October Planting Zones
Zone 5
Temperature: 42 to 60 F (5 to 15 Celsius)
Zone 6
Temperatures: 51 to 68 F (10 to 20 Celsius)
Zone 7
Temperature: 59 to 81 F (15 to 27 Celsius)
Zone 8
Temperatures: 64 to 89 F (18 to 32 Celsius)
Zone 9
Temperature: 53 to 78 F (12 to 25 Celsius)
Zone 10
Temperature: 68 to 85 F (20 to 30 Celsius)
This information is for zones 5 – 10;
Indoor: Basil, chives, oregano, parsley, and thyme.
Seeding: Asters, Dianthus, Celosia, garlic, grass, blueberries, flower bulbs, and winter lettuce.
November Planting Zones
Zone 5
Temperature: 33 to 54 F (1 to 12 Celsius)
Seeding: Garlic, flower bulbs, winter lettuce, and asters.
Harvesting: Harvest all the remaining root veggies.
Pruning: Any perennials (except roses and spring flowers), should be pruned to the height of 2-3 inches. Prone roses until they are 1 foot tall.
Zone 6
Temperature: 41 to 58 F (5 to 14 Celsius)
Seeding: Last chance to plant spring bulbs, winter lettuce, and spinach – also thin them.
Harvest: Any remaining carrots, kale, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts.
Pruning: Any perennials (except roses and spring flowers), should be pruned to the height of 2-3 inches. Prune roses until they are 1 foot tall.
Clean up the leaves, so you can use them as mulch or compost later.
Zone 7
Temperature: 45 to 66 F (10 to 19 Celsius)
Seeding: Last chance to plant spring bulbs, winter lettuce, and spinach.
Harvest: Any remaining carrots, kale, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts.
If you planted any winter lettuce, spinach, and parsley, you need to protect them from upcoming frost.
At the beginning of the month, you can still plant shrubs, trees, and strawberries.
Clean up the leaves, so you can use them as mulch or compost later.
Zone 8
Temperature: 52 to 76 F (11 to 25 Celsius)
Everything mentioned in zone 7, also stands for zone 8.
In zone 8 you can still plant fruit trees.
Seeding: If you are using a greenhouse or a tunnel, you can plant; cabbage, broccoli, spinach, beets, carrots, peas, kale, strawberries, and winter lettuce.
Harvesting: If you have any tomatoes, eggplants, or peppers left, make sure you harvest them.
Clean up the leaves, so you can use them as mulch or compost later.
Zone 9
Temperature: 44 to 73 F (6 to 23 Celsius)
Seeding: Garlic and onion. Protect your lettuce, spinach, wildflowers, and strawberries.
Harvesting: Any remaining carrots, cabbage, kale, turnips, and broccoli.
Add compost around your citrus trees.
If you still have some green tomatoes on your plants, remove the plants with the roots, and hang them indoors. It’s a chance they will still ripen.
Clean the leaves for mulch and compost.
Zone 10
Temperature: 60 to 78 F (16 to 26 Celsius)
Harvest: Beans, squash, fruits, carrots, peas, cucumbers, kale, and lettuce. Remove any rotting fruit to prevent disease and pests.
Pruning: Raspberries
Tips: Cover the plants with farmer’s covers, sheets, straw, and mulch, to protect them from freezing.
December Planting Zones
Zone 5
Temperature: 32 to 43 F (1 to 6 Celsius)
Harvesting: Kale, Brussels sprouts, leeks, winter cabbage, and parsnips.
Pruning: Evergreen trees, and shrubs (you can use the pruning for decoration). Protect your trees with protective sheets and burlap.
Protect your crops in tunnels and greenhouses (winter lettuce, spinach, radish, etc.). Add covers, straw, and mulch.
Zone 6
Temperature: 33 to 47 F (2 to 8 Celsius)
Harvesting: Kale, Brussels sprouts, leeks, winter cabbage, and parsnips.
Protect your crops in tunnels and greenhouses. Add covers, straw, and mulch.
If you are growing asparagus, trim them.
Remove all the rotten veggies and plants, to prevent pests and disease.
Protect your trees and install bird feeders in your garden, to help them through the winter.
Zone 7
Temperature: 31 to 57 F (0 to 14 Celsius)
Harvesting: Kale, Brussels sprouts, leeks, winter cabbage, and parsnips.
Clean up the remaining leaves, so you can use them as mulch or compost later. If you just leave them to rot, they might damage your grass.
Clean and prepare your garden for winter. – Protect berries (cover and insulate with straw, and mulch). – Protect your fruit trees.
Protect your crops in tunnels and greenhouses. Add covers, straw, and mulch. If you are growing asparagus, trim them. – Remove all the rotten veggies and plants, to prevent pests and disease.
Zone 8
Temperature: 45 to 67 F (7 to 20 Celsius)
Seeding: Onions, beets, radishes, spinach, leafy greens, and chives – (protect them). Flowers: Verbena, pansies, daises, and petunias.
Plant: Trees, roses, and shrubs.
Harvesting: Kale, Brussels sprouts, leeks, winter cabbage, and parsnips.
When root veggies grow over winter, they develop a sweeter flavor.- Remove rotten veggies and plants to prevent pests and disease.
Zone 9
Temperature: 36 to 56 F (2 to 13 Celsius)
Seeding: Onions, beets, radishes, spinach, leafy greens, and chives (greenhouse, tunnel).
Harvesting: Kale, Brussels sprouts, leeks, winter cabbage, and parsnips.
Pruning: Prune mature trees and shrubs. You can also plant new trees and shrubs.
Protect your peach trees and other fruit trees.
If you notice pest eggs on your fruit trees, use biological solutions to remove them.
Zone 10
Temperature: 52 to 73 F (11 to 23 Celsius)
Seeding: Onions, beets, radishes, spinach, leafy greens, and chives (greenhouse, tunnel) Seeding outside: Peas and Brussels sprouts.
Harvest: Fruit from citrus trees, beans, broccoli, melons, radishes, onions, and potatoes.
Remove all the rotten veggies and plants, to prevent pests and diseases. – Protect your fruit trees.
Protect your crops in tunnels and greenhouses. Add covers, straw, and mulch.
For more information about Planting Zones visit;